Section outline

  • A match held in a person’s hand is ignited as it is scratched along the rough surface of a match box.
    Figure 9.1 Sliding a match head along a rough surface initiates a combustion reaction that produces energy in the form of heat and light. By: Rice University Openstax CC BY NC SA

    Chapter Outline
    • Energy Basics
    • Calorimetry
    • Enthalpy
    • Strengths of Ionic and Covalent Bonds


    Upon completion of this module, you will be able to:


    Energy Basics (9.1)
      • Define energy, distinguish types of energy, and describe the nature of energy changes that accompany chemical and physical changes (CLO1)
      • Distinguish the related properties of heat, thermal energy, and temperature (CLO1)(CLO3)
      • Define and distinguish specific heat and heat capacity, and describe the physical implications of both (CLO1)
      • Perform calculations involving heat, specific heat, and temperature change (CLO2)


    Calorimetry (9.2)

      • Explain the technique of calorimetry (CLO1)
      • Calculate and interpret heat and related properties using typical calorimetry data (CLO1)(CLO2)


    Enthalpy (9.3)

      • State the first law of thermodynamics (CLO1)
      • Define enthalpy and explain its classification as a state function (CLO1)
      • Write and balance thermochemical equations (CLO2)
      • Calculate enthalpy changes for various chemical reactions (CLO2)
      • Explain Hess’s law and use it to compute reaction enthalpies (CLO1)(CLO2)


    Strengths of Ionic and Covalent Bonds (9.4)

      • Describe the energetics of covalent and ionic bond formation and breakage (CLO1)
      • Use the Born-Haber cycle to compute lattice energies for ionic compounds (CLO2)
      • Use average covalent bond energies to estimate enthalpies of reaction (CLO2)

    To achieve these objectives:

    1. Read and view the Module 9: Chapter 9: Thermochemistry in Moodle
    2. Read Chapter 9: Thermochemistry in the OpenStax Chemistry: Atoms First 2e Pressbook
    3. Complete the Module 9: Chapter 9: Thermochemistry Assignment
    4. Complete the Module 9: Chapter 9: Thermochemistry Discussion
    5. Complete the Module 9: Lab 9: Video (VWS) Assignment - Hess's Law
    6. Complete the Module 9: Lab 9: Experiment - Energy Forms and Changes
    7. Complete the Module 9: Lab 9: Report Assignment - Energy Forms and Changes
    Note the checkboxes to the right that help you track your progress: some are automatic, and some are manual. 


    Module Pressbooks Resources and Activities

    You will find the following resources and activities in this module at the Pressbooks website. Click on the links below to access or complete each item.

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