Section outline

  • The photo shows a purple and orange starfish on a sandy flat beach.

    Nearly 97 percent of animal species are invertebrates, including this sea star (Novodinia antillensis). Image from Biology 2e from OpenStax, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License v4.0 with the image credit: NOAA’s National Ocean Service

    Upon completion of this module, you will be able to:
          1. Name and identify different invertebrate models
          2. Describe and provide examples of sponges and cnidarians 
          3. Describe and provide examples of lophotrochozoans and ecdysozoans
          4. Describe and provide examples of echinoderms and chordates

    To achieve these objectives:

    1. Read the Module 4 Introduction 
    2. Read and view the materials in the Module 4 Pressbooks book
    3. Read Chapter #8 
    4. Complete the end of the chapter reading questions and review the PowerPoint

    Module Pressbooks Resources and Activities

    You will find the following resources and activities in this module at the Pressbooks website. Click on the links below to access or complete each item.

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