Module 1: Concepts of Corrections as a Sub-system of the Criminal Justice System

Welcome to Introduction to Corrections! We'll explore the history of American corrections, from colonial punishments to the Enlightenment's focus on penitentiaries. The course will examine regional differences across the U.S., shaped by religious beliefs and economic factors like convict leasing. You will learn how goals such as deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, and retribution have historically conflicted and sometimes aligned.  Additionally, we will explore current issues such as prison overcrowding, sentencing laws, and recidivism. Particular attention will be given to 

Louisiana’s correctional history, from the infamous Angola Prison to recent reforms. Throughout, you’ll be invited to critically examine what “justice” truly means, how correctional policies affect communities, and possible future paths for the system. The aim is for you to gain not only knowledge but also analytical skills to assess correctional policies and practices. This will involve blending historical context with current debates, case studies, and some challenging questions. Corrections encompass more than just bars, fences, and court orders; they are about people, power, and transformation. I look forward to our discussions as we explore these themes together.

Image source: James Peller Malcolm's 1789 illustration of the Walnut Street Prison is in the public domain

1. Discuss the history and development of corrections and the prison system
2. Describe the goals of the correctional system
3. Explain the different types of deterrence 
4. Assess Mandatory Minimums and Tree-Strike Laws
5. Examine Recidivism and Sentences: Evidence-based Practices

To achieve these objectives, Students will complete

• Let’s Talk Discussion
• Chapter Assignment
• Quiz
• Test
• Discussion Forum

1. Read the Module 1 Introduction
2. Read Chapter 1 in Introduction to Corrections
3. Complete the 

                            ·           Discussion 1: Historical and Philosophical

                            ·           Discussion 2: Conditions of Walnut Street Jail

                            ·           Discussion 3: History of Angola-Convict Leasing System

                            ·           Discussion 4: Criminal Sanctions & Goals

                            ·           Discussion 5: History & Development of Convict Leasing

                            ·           Discussion 6: Prison Overcrowding

                            ·           Discussion 7: Reformatory Movement

                            ·           Discussion 8: Angola Prison

Note the check boxes to the right that help you track your progress: some are automatic, and some are manual. [Delete in subsequent modules.]

Module Pressbooks Resources and Activities

You will find the following resources and activities in this module at the Pressbooks website. Click on the links below to access or complete each item.