Module 5: Body Systems: Digestive

Introduction

This module reviews the anatomy and physiology of the digestive system and explores how drugs are used to manage disorders of the digestive system, from common conditions like nausea and diarrhea, to more complex diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. You will learn the underlying physiology and pathophysiology, drug classes and mechanisms, clinical applications, and potential side effects. We will also examine enzyme replacement, digestive aids, and emerging therapies such as microbiome-based treatments and personalized medicine, preparing you to apply pharmacological principles to gastrointestinal patient care.

Learning Objectives [Forthcoming] 

1. Describe the overall organization and functions of the digestive system, including the roles of the GI tract, accessory organs, and key regulatory mechanisms such as the ENS, ANS, and gastrointestinal hormones in digestion and absorption.
2. Explain how alterations in normal digestive physiology contribute to common gastrointestinal disorders such as GERD, peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and irritable bowel syndrome.
3. Identify the major pharmacologic classes used to manage digestive system disorders (e.g., acid-suppressing agents, laxatives, antidiarrheals, antiemetics, IBD therapies, enzyme replacements) and relate each class to its primary therapeutic goal.
4. Summarize the basic mechanisms of action of key drug classes acting on the digestive system, including how they modify acid secretion, motility, mucosal protection, inflammation, and gut microbiota.
5. Identify important adverse effects, contraindications, and safety considerations associated with commonly used digestive pharmacologic agents, including risks of long-term acid suppression, laxative misuse, immunosuppression, and hepatotoxicity.
6. Discuss emerging and advanced approaches in digestive pharmacology, including microbiome-targeted therapies, biologic agents, JAK inhibitors, and principles of personalized medicine in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.

To achieve these objectives: 

1. Read the Module 5 Introduction 
2. Read Chapter 7. Digestive Pharmacology in Introduction to Pharmacology - aligns with computer proficiency 
3. Complete the Module 5 Discussion Forum - aligns with computer proficiency, internet navigation, digital communication, and collaboration
4. Complete the Module 5 Quiz - aligns with computer proficiency 

Module Pressbooks Resources and Activities

You will find the following resources and activities in this module at the Pressbooks website. Click on the links below to access or complete each item.