Section outline

  • The political cartoon that appeared in 1808.Image from Chapter 23 of U.S. History [Link opens in new window] from OpenStax, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License v4.0 with the image information: “The happy Effects of the Grand Systom [sic] of shutting Ports against the English!!” appeared in 1808. Less than a year earlier, Thomas Jefferson had recommended (and Congress had passed) the Embargo Act of 1807, which barred American ships from leaving their ports.

    In the last module, you learned about how the United States got its Constitution and established a stable representative government.  In this module, you will learn about the emergence of some significant challenges to that new government including a number of domestic and foreign policy crises in the 1790s, the start of a divisive two party system in the nation, and a second war with Great Britain, the War of 1812.  Students will gain an understanding of how the nation was able to meet these challenges and not only survive but thrive.


    Upon completion of this module, you will be able to:
    1. Identify some of the main ideas of the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans. (CO 1 and 2)
    2. Demonstrate knowledge of the Bill of Rights and/or Alexander Hamilton’s financial programs. (CO 1 and 2)
    3. Recall facts about the major foreign and domestic uprisings of the early 1790s. (CO 1 and 2)
    4. Show awareness of the partisan differences between the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans and the effects of foreign relations on American politics. (CO 1 and 2)
    5. Recognize the significance of the Louisiana Purchase. (CO 1 and 2)
    6. Demonstrate knowledge of some of the causes and/or important events and/or consequences of the War of 1812. (CO 1 and 2)

    To achieve these objectives: 

    1. Read the Module 8 Introduction above.
    2. Read and view the materials in the Chapter 8 Pressbooks book below.
    3. View Chapter 8 PowerPoint below.
    4. Complete Module 8 quizzes/assignments/discussion boards based on chapter and reading and video.

    Module Pressbooks Resources and Activities

    You will find the following resources and activities in this module at the Pressbooks website. Click on the links below to access or complete each item.

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