Module 8 Antimicrobial Drugs — Introduction

Antimicrobial drugs are substances used to kill microorganisms or inhibit their growth and play a critical role in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. These drugs include antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitic agents, each designed to target specific types of pathogens while minimizing harm to the host. Many antimicrobial drugs were originally derived from natural microbial products, and their discovery has dramatically reduced illness and death caused by infectious diseases.

In this module, students will examine how antimicrobial drugs work, including their mechanisms of action, spectrum of activity, and selective toxicity. The module also explores how microorganisms develop antimicrobial resistance, why resistance is a growing global health concern, and how misuse and overuse of these drugs contribute to this problem. By understanding antimicrobial drug function and resistance, students will gain insight into responsible drug use, clinical decision-making, and the importance of developing new antimicrobial therapies to protect public health.